Mars rules 2 of the mounds on the hand. The upper mound of Mars is located just under the mound of Mercury. The lower mound of Mars is found inside the life line above the mound of Venus.
Astrologically Mars is the ruler of the zodiac sign of Aries and it is at home in the 1st house of the wheel. The elemental ruler of Mars is Fire.
Mythology
Mars is the God of war. In early Roman history he was a God of Spring, growth, fertility and the protector of cattle. Eventually he became a God of death and then the God of war. Mars is portrayed as a warrior in full battle armor. He is often accompanied by Fuga and Timor, the personifications of flight and fear.
Astrological Meaning
Mars is associated with desire, energy, aggression, action, stamina, perseverance, frustration, conflict and passion. It represents the masculine principal and rules pioneers, leaders, conquerors, adventurers, soldiers, athletes, fanatics and tyrants. When manifested positively Mars brings strength, willpower, commitment, staying power, willingness to take risks and satisfied desire. When out of balance, Mars can be impatient, brutish, violent, uncontrollable, aggressive, vengeful and hot-headed.
Mars in your Hand
The upper mound of Mars deals with determination and resistance. It can represent both endurance and stubbornness. It is often considered to be passive Mars and tells of moral courage. If this mound is overdeveloped the subject may be daring and rash. If it is underdeveloped or negatively marked it may be an indication of a subject who succumbs to fear and apprehension.
The lower mound of Mars is more active and outgoing. Here can be found indications of ambition, physical courage, initiative and aggression. If this mound is overly large, the subject may be driven, aggressive and argumentative or he/she may like a good challenge. If hollow, it shows a person who lacks the ability to stand up for his or her self.